std::map<Key,T,Compare,Allocator>::begin, std::map<Key,T,Compare,Allocator>::cbegin
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| iterator begin(); |
(1) | (noexcept seit C++11) |
| const_iterator begin() const; |
(2) | (noexcept seit C++11) |
| const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept; |
(3) | (seit C++11) |
Gibt einen Iterator zum ersten Element der map zurück.
Wenn die map leer ist, ist der zurückgegebene Iterator gleich end().
Inhalt |
[bearbeiten] Rückgabewert
Iterator zum ersten Element.
[bearbeiten] Komplexität
Konstant.
Anmerkungen
libc++ portiert cbegin() in den C++98-Modus.
[bearbeiten] Beispiel
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Ausgabe
1, 1.09 4, 4.13 9, 9.24
[bearbeiten] Beispiel für eine benutzerdefinierte Vergleichsfunktion
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#include <cmath> #include <iostream> #include <map> struct Point { double x, y; }; // Compare the x-coordinates of two Point pointers. struct PointCmp { bool operator()(const Point* lhs, const Point* rhs) const { return lhs->x < rhs->x; } }; int main() { // Note that although the x-coordinates are out of order, the // map will be iterated through by increasing x-coordinates. Point points[3] = {{2, 0}, {1, 0}, {3, 0}}; // mag is a map sending the address of node to its magnitude in the x-y plane. // Although the keys are pointers-to-Point, we want to order the map by the // x-coordinates of the points and NOT by the addresses of the Points. This // is done by using the PointCmp class's comparison method. std::map<Point*, double, PointCmp> mag( {{points, 2}, {points + 1, 1}, {points + 2, 3}} ); // Change each y-coordinate from 0 to the magnitude. for (auto iter = mag.begin(); iter != mag.end(); ++iter) { auto cur = iter->first; // Pointer to Node cur->y = mag[cur]; // Could also have used cur->y = iter->second; } // Update and print the magnitude of each node. for (auto iter = mag.begin(); iter != mag.end(); ++iter) { auto cur = iter->first; mag[cur] = std::hypot(cur->x, cur->y); std::cout << "The magnitude of (" << cur->x << ", " << cur->y << ") is "; std::cout << iter->second << '\n'; } // Repeat the above with the range-based for loop. for (auto i : mag) { auto cur = i.first; cur->y = i.second; mag[cur] = std::hypot(cur->x, cur->y); std::cout << "The magnitude of (" << cur->x << ", " << cur->y << ") is "; std::cout << mag[cur] << '\n'; // Note that in contrast to std::cout << iter->second << '\n'; above, // std::cout << i.second << '\n'; will NOT print the updated magnitude. // If auto &i : mag was used instead, it will print the updated magnitude. } }
Ausgabe
The magnitude of (1, 1) is 1.41421 The magnitude of (2, 2) is 2.82843 The magnitude of (3, 3) is 4.24264 The magnitude of (1, 1.41421) is 1.73205 The magnitude of (2, 2.82843) is 3.4641 The magnitude of (3, 4.24264) is 5.19615
[bearbeiten] Siehe auch
| (C++11) |
gibt einen Iterator zum Ende zurück (public member function) |
| (C++11)(C++14) |
gibt einen Iterator zum Anfang eines Containers oder Arrays zurück (Funktionsvorlage) |